Potassium chloride 10% kcl 10% injectable essential drugs. Concentrate must be diluted before use for intravenous infusion only must be. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Webmd provides common contraindications for potassium chloride intravenous. Intravenous potassium chloride guideline adultnsrhs 1. By the time you get the results, md gives order and you get the infusion to the patients home it is then really hard to know what the patients potassium level currently. Potassium chloride has moderate interactions with at least 109 different drugs. Concern over new flushing guidance for small volume intravenous infusions. This potassium chloride injection, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, highly concentrated, ready touse, solution of potassium chloride, usp in water for injection, usp for electrolyte replenishment in a single dose. Potassium phosphates iv dosing, indications, interactions.
Potassium chloride side effects, dosage, interactions drugs. Nw newborn drug protocol potassium chloride pharmacology. Usewithpotassiumsparingdiuretics oraceinhibitors angi. Due to the risk associated with intravenous potassium chloride, ampoules of potassium chloride should not be kept as a stock item in wards. Kcl in d5w potassium chloride in 5% dextrose injection. Solution must be diluted to 1mmol25ml if given via a. The nurse preparing the infusion must always check the concentration in each ampoule. Suicide attempt by intravenous potassium selfpoisoning. Potassium supplements parenteral davisplus fa davis. It is on the world health organizations list of essential medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system. A dose of 2 g of potassium chloride was prescribed. Potassium chloride for injection concentrate, usp is indicated in the treatment. Potassium chloride poe tass i um kloor ide is a potassium supplement used to prevent and to treat low potassium.
Administration of intravenous potassium chloride kcl australian. Potassium chloride is a mineral supplement used for treating or preventing low levels of potassium in the blood. Potassium chloride, usp is a white, granular powder or colorless crystals. Potassium chloride side effects, dosage, interactions drugs search. The usual adult dietary intake is 50 to 100 meq potassium per day. Doctors give trusted answers on uses, effects, sideeffects, and cautions. Potassium chloride for injection concentrate usp is indicated in the treatment of potassium. Potassium chloride powder for oral solution drug information. Pharmacists interventions on intravenous to oral conversion. The recommended adequate intake ai of potassium from all sources, including food in healthy individuals is 4. Potassium chloride in sodium chloride injection, usp in plastic container viaflex plus container description potassium chloride in sodium chloride injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Uptodate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on adult primary care and internal medicine, allergy and immunology, cardiovascular medicine, emergency. The typical rate of infusion is 10 meq per hour for potassium chloride and 3 mmol per. Sterile potassium chloride concentrate product information.
Potassium chloride oral solution 20% is an electrolyte replenisher. Administration of iv potassium chloride is a potentially dangerous procedure, where errors in calculation, preparation of potassium. Mar 15, 2014 main outcome measures iv to po potassium therapy conversions related to potassium chloride. The 8 meq 600 mg tablets are light brown, filmcoated, round, unscored tablets debossed with m on one side of the tablet and pc2 on the other side. Acetazolamide, morphgesic, potassium chloride and paracetamol stock shortage. Maintain close followup care, provide continuous ecg monitoring, and check serial potassium levels. Individualize dose based on serum potassium levels. Beside the patient were found four 50ml syringes and empty vials of potassium chloride 20 ml, 10%. The dose and rate of injection are dependent upon the individual patients condition. Dailymed potassium chloride tablet, film coated, extended. Potassium infusions should be given slowly over at least 23 hours and at a rate not exceeding 0. Apr 15, 2020 potassium chloride extendedrelease tablets, usp are available containing 600 mg or 750 mg of potassium chloride equivalent to 8 meq or 10 meq, respectively.
In critical areas where high concentrations and doses of potassium chloride are necessary, do a risk assessment to determine whether it is appropriate to keep the ampoules as a stock item and develop a. New prescribing approach could reduce intravenous opioid exposure. Potassium administration via the intravenous route should only be used when the oral or enteral route is not available or will not achieve the required increase of serum potassium within a clinically acceptable time. Potassium chloride in dextrose and sodium chloride dosage and administration these solutions should be administered only by intravenous infusion and as directed by the physician. Sterile potassium chloride concentrate is a concentrated solution and must be diluted before use.
The intravenous administration of these solutions after dilution can cause fluid andor solute. Serious interactions of potassium chloride include. Published 21st may 2014, updated 27th july 2018 ukmi. In the event of overdosage with potassiumcontaining. Potassium chloride, granular, biotechgrade is commonly used as a laboratory reagent as a standard. Iv potassium must never be given by direct iv injection. Oct 11, 2018 oral potassium preparations include 8 meq kci slowrelease tablets, 20 meq kci elixir, 20 meq kci powder, 25 meq kci tablet. Results from january 2007 to december 2010, 87 hospitals recorded 1,868 pis concerning iv to po therapy conversion. It must always be diluted in infusion fluid rl or 0. The mean increment in serum potassium level per 20meq infusion was 0.
Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart potassium chloride is used to prevent or to treat low blood levels of potassium hypokalemia potassium levels can be low as a result of a disease or from taking certain medicines, or after a prolonged illness with diarrhea or vomiting. Solution must be diluted to 1mmol25ml if given via a peripheral line, or 1mmol12. This potassium chloride injection, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, highly concentrated, readytouse, solution of potassium chloride, usp in water for injection, usp for electrolyte replenishment in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Solid oral dosage forms of potassium chloride can produce ulcerative andor stenotic lesions of gastrointestinal tract, particularly if drug maintains contact with gastrointestinal mucosa for prolonged. Preamble intravenous iv potassium chloride is the most frequently administered potassium salt for potassium replacement in the hospital setting. Find out what health conditions may be a health risk when taken with potassium chloride intravenous.
The chemical name is potassium chloride and the structural name is kcl. Potassium chloride vial side effects by likelihood and severity. Editor, recommendations from the safety and quality council regarding the highrisk medication alert. May 22, 20 potassium chloride is a prescription medication used to treat and prevent low potassium levels due to poor dietary intake, certain diseases, or other drugs. Stelara ustekinumab dosing, indications, interactions. Potassium chloride canterbury district health board. Dosage depends on the severity of hypokalaemia and the patients. Potassium chloride definition of potassium chloride by. Adjust dosage based on monitoring of potassium concentrations. The dose and rate of injection are dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient.
The dose and administration iv infusion rate for potassium. Potassium chloride, usp in water for injection, usp for electrolyte replenishment in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Potassium chloride for injection concentrate, usp, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated solution of potassium chloride, usp in water for injection administered by intravenous infusion. Dosage calculations for nursing students made easy on iv infusion rate. Potassium chloride can be given orally in less serious situations or by iv in more serious situtations of potassium shortage. Potassium chloride in dextrose and sodium chloride fda. Quickly replenishes potassium levels in animals with hypokalemia. Potassium chloride in sodium chloride injection, usp in plastic container viaflex plus container description potassium chloride in sodium chloride injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, solution. Potassium chloride in sodium chloride injection, usp. Acute intravenous administration of potassium chloride to. Dose and rate of administration are dependent on patient condition. Under the directions of a veterinarian, potassium chloride is commonly added to iv or sq fluids when indicated. In the symptomatic patient with severe hypokalemia, administer up to 40 meqh of the iv preparation. Inflammation of the vein, or phlebitis after infusion.
Sterile potassium chloride concentrate is administered intravenously only after dilution in a large volume parenteral fluid. Potassium chloride injection dosage and administration the dose and rate of administration are dependent upon the specific condition of each patient. It must never be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Rapid correction of hypokalemia using concentrated. Solid oral dosage forms of potassium chloride can produce ulcerative andor stenotic lesions of gastrointestinal tract, particularly if drug maintains contact with gastrointestinal mucosa for prolonged periods. It is freely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Potassium is primary intracellular cation dietary supplement used to maintain potassium balance i. Parenteral must be diluted prior to administration. Preamble intravenous iv potassium chloride is the most frequently administered potassium salt for potassium replacement in the hospital. Dec 02, 2019 this potassium chloride injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, highly concentrated, readytouse solution of potassium chloride, usp in water for injection, usp for electrolyte replenishment in a single dose container for intravenous administration.
Acute intravenous administration of potassium chloride to furosemide pretreated dogs. The dose and administration iv infusion rate for potassium phosphates are dependent upon individual needs of the patient. Potassium chloride drug bnfc content published by nice. Potassium chloride injection fda prescribing information. How long would a lethal injection of potassium chloride take. Potassium chloride kdur, klor con, ktab is a preparation used to treat low potassium hypokylemia in the blood. Potassium administration via the intravenous route should only be. Chemically, potassium chloride is kcl with a molecular mass of 74. Potassium depletion sufficient to cause hypokalemia usually requires the loss of 200 meq or more of the total body stores of potassium. Administer intravenously only with a calibrated infusion device at a slow, controlled rate. Potassium is important for the heart, muscles, and nerves.
Safe administration of intravenous potassium for treating. Never give injectable potassium chloride undiluted. Guidelines for the use of potassium chloride recommended neonatal dose, route, and interval initial oral replacement therapy. Msf provides ampoules of 10 ml of 10% potassium chloride. The infusion sets consisted of one to eight consecutive individual infusions, each containing 20 meq of potassium chloride in 100 ml of saline administered. Uptodate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on adult primary care and internal medicine, allergy and immunology, cardiovascular medicine, emergency medicine, endocrinology and diabetes, family medicine, gastroenterology and hepatology, hematology, infectious diseases, nephrology and. Potassium chloride side effects, uses, dosage, overdose. Caution should be exercised in premature neonates due to aluminum toxicity. When given by iv, potassium chloride cannot be administered via iv pushbolus. Potassium chloride has mild interactions with at least 32 different drugs. Under the directions of a veterinarian, potassium chloride is commonly. Potassium chloride concentrate is for the treatment of potassium deficiency states when oral replacement is not feasible.
It may be used as a calibration standard ionic solution for measuring electrical conductivity because potassium chloride solutions, when p. Potassium chloride belongs to a group of drugs called electrolytes, which are compounds that help the body function normally. Apr 09, 2019 klorcon extendedrelease tablets are an electrolyte replenisher. Potassium chloride oral solution drug information, side. Feb 07, 2014 potassium chloride iv infusion via normal saline paulvr173cm. Many elderly and frail patients requiring parenteral potassium supplementation are readily at risk of volume overload if administered potassium salts in. This potassium chloride injection, is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, highly concentrated, ready touse, solution of potassium chloride, usp in water for injection, usp for electrolyte replenishment in a single dose container for intravenous administration. Potassium chloride, usp occurs as a white granular powder or as odorless crystals. Potassium chloride injection potassium chloride dose. How should intravenous iv potassium chloride be administered in adults. The chemical name is potassium chloride, and the structural formula is kcl.
Potassium chloride must always be administered by slow iv infusion, diluted in 0. Too much or too little potassium in the body can cause serious problems. Intravenous potassium chloride australian prescriber. Also, if we do administer potassium in the home we never give it faster than 10meq per hour with a maximum of 20meq in 1 liter per day. Potassium is vital in the human body, and potassium chloride by mouth is the common means to treat low blood potassium, although it can also be given intravenously. Potassium chloride iv infusion via normal saline youtube. Sterile potassium chloride concentrate is administered intravenously only after dilution in a large volume. Potassium chloride is a white crystalline or colorless solid. In critical areas where high concentrations and doses of. Administration of iv potassium kcl management of a. It may be used as a calibration standard ionic solution for measuring electrical conductivity because. Damage to the skin and tissue around the injection site. Overingestion of potassium chloride or salt substitutes, rapid iv potassium infusion, decreased potassium excretion, for example.
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